We define a physical quantity either by specifying how it is measured or by stating how it is calculated from other measurements. English units may also be referred to as the foot–pound–second (fps) system, as opposed to the centimeter–gram–second (cgs) system. Depending on your background and interests, you may be able to come up with other derived quantities, such as the mass flow rate (kg/s) or volume flow rate (m3/s) of a fluid, electric charge (A • s), mass flux density [kg/(m2 • s)], and so on. arc those whose definitions are based on other physical quantities, e.g., speed, Light years: the light year is a unit of length and is equal to examples of vector quantities . Other quantities, called derived quantities, are defined in terms of the seven base quantities via a system of quantity equations. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_physical_quantities&oldid=971295683, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, The quantity proportional to the number of particles in a sample, with the, Wavelength-weighted power of emitted light per unit solid angle, Measure of sustained displacement: the first integral with respect to time of displacement, Rate of change of velocity per unit time: the second time derivative of position, Measure of the extent and direction an object rotates about a reference point, The angle incremented in a plane by a segment connecting an object and a reference point per unit time, Stored charge per unit electric potential, Energy per unit change in amount of substance, Change of jounce per unit time: the fifth time derivative of position, Electric current per unit cross-section area, Received radiation adjusted for the effect on biological tissue, Measure for the resistance of an incompressible fluid to stress, The force per unit electric field strength, Measure for how easily current flows through a material, Measure of a material's ability to conduct an electric current, Energy required to move a unit charge through an electric field from a reference point, Electric potential per unit electric current, Bulk property equivalent of electrical resistance, Logarithmic measure of the number of available states of a system, Number of (periodic) occurrences per unit time, Time for a quantity to decay to half its initial value, Heat flow per unit time per unit surface area, Resistance to an alternating current of a given frequency, including effect on phase, Magnetic flux generated per unit current through a circuit, Electromagnetic radiation power per unit surface area, Change of acceleration per unit time: the third time derivative of position, Change of jerk per unit time: the fourth time derivative of position, Ratio of flow velocity to the local speed of sound, Measure for the strength of the magnetic field, Amount of magnetic moment per unit volume, Mass of a substance as a fraction of the total mass, Average time for a particle of a substance to decay, Amount of energy present in a system per unit amount of substance, Heat capacity of a material per unit amount of substance, Inertia of an object with respect to angular acceleration, Measure for how the magnetization of material is affected by the application of an external magnetic field, Measure for how the polarization of a material is affected by the application of an external electric field, Rate of change of crackle per unit time: the sixth time derivative of position, Number of particles decaying per unit time, Ionizing radiation energy absorbed by biological tissue per unit mass, Power of emitted electromagnetic radiation per unit solid angle per emitting source area, Power of emitted electromagnetic radiation per unit solid angle, Rate of a chemical reaction for unit time, Ratio of area on a sphere to its radius squared, Volume per unit mass (reciprocal of density), Energy change per unit change in surface area, steepest rate of temperature change at a particular location, Measure for the ease with which an object conducts heat, Measure for the ease with which a material conducts heat, Measure for the ease with which an object resists conduction of heat, Measure for the ease with which a material resists conduction of heat, Product of a force and the perpendicular distance of the force from the point about which it is exerted, Moved distance per unit time: the first time derivative of position, Rate of change of volume with respect to time, Perpendicular distance between repeating units of a wave, Repetency or spatial frequency: the number of cycles per unit distance, Repetency or spatial frequency vector: the number of cycles per unit distance, scalar; assumes isotropic linear material, This page was last edited on 5 August 2020, at 07:09. Table \(\PageIndex{1}\) lists these seven ISQ base quantities and the corresponding SI base units. The SI unit for mass is the kilogram (abbreviated kg); From 1795–2018 it was defined to be the mass of a platinum–iridium cylinder kept with the old meter standard at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures near Paris. SI derived units are units of measurement derived from the seven base units specified by the International System of Units (SI). In C.G.S system, length is measured in Centimeter, mass in Grams The choice of base quantities is somewhat arbitrary, as long as they are independent of each other and all other quantities can be derived from them. given special names and symbols, as shown in the following table. Example 1 It was already noon when Lela woke up.

The meter was first defined in 1791 as 1/10,000,000 of the distance from the equator to the North Pole. Example \(\PageIndex{1}\): Using Metric Prefixes. For example, a centimeter is one-hundredth of a meter (in symbols, 1 cm = 10–2 m) and a kilometer is a thousand meters (1 km = 103 m). Derived quantities are physical quantities derived from combinations of base quantities through multiplication. This measurement was improved in 1889 by redefining the meter to be the distance between two engraved lines on a platinum–iridium bar now kept near Paris. Non-SI units are used in a few applications in which they are in very common use, such as the measurement of temperature in degrees Celsius (°C), the measurement of fluid volume in liters (L), and the measurement of energies of elementary particles in electron-volts (eV).

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